THE CT AND MRI FINDINGS IN STAGING OF URINARY BLADDER CARCINOMA IN CORRELATION WITH HISTOPATH.FINDINGS
Keywords:
CT- Scan, MRI, Bladder Cancer Staging, HistopathologyAbstract
More than 12 million new cases of cancer occur annually worldwide. Of those 5.4 million occur in developed countries and 6.7 million in developing countries. Urinary bladder cancer ranks ninth in worldwide cancer incidence. It is the seventh most common malignancy in men and seventeenth in women
References
Garcia M, Jemal A, Ward EM, Center MM, Hao Y, Siegel RL, Thun MJ (2007) Global cancer facts and figs 2007. American Cancer Society, Atlanta.
Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, Parkin DM (2004) GLOBOCAN 2002: cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 5.version 2.0. IARC Press, Lyon.
Springer World Journal of Urology 2009 june ;27(3) :289 -293
Walsh PC, Retik A, Stamey T, Vaughan Jr E: Campbell's urology , Philadelphia, W B Saunders, 1992.
Snell Richard S.Clinical anatomy by region ,9th edition .Lippincott,Williams&Wilkins,2012:271.
Ryan Stephan,McNicholas Michelle,Eustae Stephen. Anatomy for diagnostic Imaging ,2nd ed .SAUNDERS,2004:227.
Gray ,Henry .Anatomy of the Human Body .Philadelphia:Lea&Febiger ,20th ed,2000.
Michael,H.ROSS.Atext &Atlas of Histology, National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program available from: http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov;
Sutton David .Textbook of Radiology & Imaging , ELSEVIR,7th ed . 2002,996-1013.
Jade J.Wong-You-Cheong,Paula J.Woodward, MD.Maria A. Manning,MD.Isabell A. Sesterhenn,MD.neoplasms of the Urinary bladder:Radiolgic-Pathologic Correlation.RadioGraphics 2006:26
Morrison AS, Buring JE, Verhoek WG, Aoki K, Leck I, Ohno Y, Obata K: An international study of smoking and bladder cancer. J Urol 131:650-654, 1984.
Schulte PA, Ringen K, Hemstreet GP, Altekruse EB, Gullen WH, Tillett S, Allsbrook WC Jr, Crosby JH, Witherington R, Stringer W, Brubaker MM: Risk factors for bladder cancer in a cohort exposed to aromatic amines. Cancer 58:2156-2162, 1986.
Fukushima S, Asamoto M, Imaida K, el-Bolkainy MN, Tawfik HN, Ito N: Comparative study of urinary bladder carcinomas in Japanese and Egyptians. Acta Pathol Jpn 39:176-179, 1989
Kutarski PW, Padwell A: Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in young adults. Br J Urol 72:749-755, 1993
Rosal And Ackermans.surgical pathology,9th ed ,2004:1129-11
Web MD Healthwise Staff-E.Gregory Thompson- June 2;2010.
Cancer facts and figures 2005 (online database). American Cancer Society Web site. http://www cancer.org/docroot/STT/content/STT_1x Cancer_Facts__Figures_2005.asp. Published 2005.
Murphy WM: Current topics in the pathology of bladder cancer. Pathol Annu 18(Pt 1):1-25, 1983
Matzkin H, Moinuddin SM, Soloway MS: Value of urine cytology versus bladder washing in bladder cancer. Urology1992; 39:201-203. 20.Wiener HG, Vooijs GP, van't Hof-Grootenboer B: Accuracy of urinary cytology in the diagnosis of primary and recurrent bladder cancer. Acta Cytol1993 ; 37:163-169,
Koss LG, Deitch D, Ramanathan R, Sherman AB: Diagnostic value of cytology of voided urine. Acta Cytol (Baltimore) 1985; 29:810-816. 22.National Bladder Cancer Collaborative Group A: Cytology and histopathology of bladder cancer cases in a prospective longitudinal study. Cancer Res1977; 37:2911-2915.
Chibber PJ, McIntyre MA, Hindmarsh JR, Hargreave TB, Newsam JE, Chisholm GD: Transitional cell carcinoma involving the prostate. Br J Urol1981; 53:605-609,
Ro JY, Ayala AG, el-Naggar A, Wishnow KI: Seminal vesicle involvement by in situ and invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Am J Surg Pathol 1987;11:951-958.
Sobin DH,WittekindCH,Eds.In: TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours .6th edn.New York :Wiley-Liss,2002:199-202.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
