CROSS-DISCOURSE REALIZATION OF SPEECH ACTS AND COMMUNICATIVE ERRORS IN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Abstract

Speech acts constitute one of the most significant areas of pragmatic research, as they reveal how language functions not only as a medium of conveying information but also as a means of performing actions. In communication, speakers do not simply produce grammatically correct sentences; rather, they apologize, request, promise, refuse, thank, criticize, advise, and persuade through language. The present article examines the realization of speech acts across various discourse types, namely everyday discourse, academic discourse, institutional discourse, and media discourse, and analyzes communicative errors that arise from the misinterpretation or misuse of speech acts in intercultural communication. The study is grounded in classical speech act theory developed by J. L. Austin and John Searle, as well as subsequent pragmatic approaches to politeness, indirectness, and intercultural pragmatics. Through comparative examples from English and Uzbek, the paper demonstrates that speech acts are highly context-dependent and culturally conditioned. Communicative failures often occur when speakers transfer pragmatic norms from their native language into a foreign communicative environment without considering discourse conventions or sociocultural expectations.