THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HRD AND HRM CERTIFICATION SYSTEM IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN UZBEKISTAN: KOREAN EXPERIENCE AND A NATIONAL MODEL FOR UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

This article examines the role of certification systems in Human Resource Development (HRD) and Human Resource Management (HRM) in the development and management of human capital from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The study analyzes the interrelationship between human capital theory, strategic HRM, strategic HRD, and competency-based management approaches. Based on the experience of the Republic of Korea in implementing the National Competency Standards (NCS), the national qualification system, and the Best HRD certification program, the functions of certification at the individual and organizational levels are distinguished. As evidence of the practical application of these systems, the study presents data showing that 59 organizations participated in the Best HRD certification program in Korea’s public sector in 2025, of which 48 were certified, while 613,757 individuals obtained national technical qualifications in 2024. Evaluation data from the past decade indicate an overall increase in satisfaction with the certification system. At the same time, the effects of improvements in systems and processes tend to emerge relatively quickly, whereas the impact of investments in human and material resources becomes evident more gradually. Taking into account the cooperation initiated between Uzbekistan and Korea in 2026 on the introduction of an HRD certification system in Uzbekistan, the article proposes a two-level certification model adapted to national conditions, encompassing individual competency certification and assessment of organizational HRM/HRD maturity.