RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATHEROGENIC IMBALANCE (APOB/APOA) AND MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

This article explores the relationship between atherogenic imbalance, assessed through the ApoB/ApoA ratio, and markers of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. The ApoB/ApoA ratio reflects the balance between atherogenic and anti-atherogenic lipoproteins and is considered a more precise predictor of cardiovascular risk than traditional lipid parameters. Oxidative stress, characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species and insufficient antioxidant defense, plays a central role in endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. The review analyzes current evidence linking elevated ApoB/ApoA ratios with increased oxidative stress biomarkers and discusses their combined contribution to the initiation and progression of arterial hypertension. Particular attention is given to mechanisms involving endothelial injury, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and impaired nitric oxide bioavailability. Understanding this interaction may improve early risk stratification and open new perspectives for targeted therapeutic strategies in hypertensive patients