OPTIMIZATION OF PARENTERAL NUTRITION AS A FACTOR IN REDUCING COMPLICATIONS IN NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN NEWBORNS

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most severe diseases of the neonatal period, characterized by high mortality and a significant risk of long-term complications. In conditions where enteral feeding is limited in newborns with NEC, adequate nutritional support becomes especially important. The aim of this review is to analyze current data on the role of optimizing parenteral nutrition in the prevention of metabolic disorders, infectious complications, and in improving clinical outcomes in newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis. The review discusses the features of providing requirements in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, trace elements, and vitamins, as well as modern strategies for individualizing nutritional support. Data on the impact of balanced parenteral nutrition on reducing the incidence of sepsis, cholestasis, growth retardation, and short bowel syndrome are presented